10.What is HLB value? And for which products it’s important?
Hydrophilic-lipohilic balance (HLB) value is a measure of the degree to which it is hydrophilic or lipophilic. It’s help in the selection of a proper surfactant. Especially for emulsion and suspension preparation.
HLB value <10 indicate lipid soluble.
HLB value >10 indicate water soluble.
HLB value 1 to 3 indicates anti-foaming agent.
HLB value 3 to 6 indicates W/O emulsifier.
HLB value 7 to 9 indicates wetting agent.
HLB value 13 to 16 indicates detergent.
HLB value 8 to 16 indicates O/W emulsifier.
11.What is stress testing?
Stress testing of the drug substance can help identify the likely degradation of products, which can in turn help establish the degradation pathways and the intrinsic stability of the molecule and validate the stability indicating power of the analytical procedures used.
Stress testing is likely to be carried out on a single batch of the drug substance. It should include the effect of temperatures (in 10°C increments (e.g., 50°C, 60°C, etc.) above that for accelerated testing), humidity (e.g., 75% RH or greater)
12.What is Viscosity?
The measurement of a materials resistance to flow. Viscosity can determine using a viscometer.
13.What is Zeta Potential?
is defined as the potential difference between the dispersion medium and the stationary layer of fluid attached to the dispersed particle. The significance of zeta potential is that its value can be related to the stability of colloidal dispersions (e.g., a multivitamin syrup).
14.What is Pyrometer?
A pyrometer is a non-contacting device that intercepts and measures thermal radiation, a process known as pyrometry. This device can be used to determine the temperature of an object's surface.
Pyrometer is used for many industrial applications to measure non contact high temperature measurements. This is also useful for temperature measurement of molten iron & steel.
15. What is Reference standard?
It is a standardized substance It is used as a measurement base for similar substances. Where the exact active substances of a new drug are not known. A reference standard provides a calibrated level of biological effects against which new preparations of the drug can be compared. Climate chamber: It allows investigation of the effects of a gradient in temperature and relative humidity on a porous structure. It also used in measuring how much water it collects or releases.
16.Thin layer chromatography (TLC)
It is a widely employed laboratory technique. It is used for faster and better separations. It is alos for better resolution.
17.What is predictable dissolution?
- Predictable dissolution is the in-vitro dissolution study. Which predicts the in-vivo dissolution (drug release) rate.
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